Synthesis and characterization of poly thiophene-2-carbaldehyde by hydrochloric acid as catalyst

Poly thiophene and its derivatives are important conductive polymers because of their wide applications. They were polymerized by chemical and electrochemical methods. In this paper, thiophene-2-carbaldehyde was polymerized by hydrochloric acid as a catalyst in alcohol as a solvent. The resulting polymer was characterized by (FT/IR, H-1-NMR, EDX, and XPS) to determine the polymer structure. The resulting polymer was scanned by scanning electron microscope (SEM) for its morphological properties. We found the polymer consisting of spherical particles with a rough surface (average diameters of 127 nanometers) that clump together and form clusters