Performance analysis for mode confinement loss of photonic crystal fiber with circular air hole rings around the solid core

The solid core Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) with circular air holes arranged in triangular lattice and in hexagonal pattern is analyzed with variation in number of air hole rings array around the core region. In this fiber, the modified internal reflection mechanism of optical wave guiding has been explored. The core of higher index inhibits the passage of the light in the cladding, thereby resulting in light guidance. To validate the guiding phenomenon of this fiber, Finite Element Method (FEM) computation is applied. This method involves the sub-division of the geometrical area of interest into small composite elements. The refractive index of the cladding region is considered by using Sellmeier Equation to incorporate the dispersion effect of the fiber. The light is launched in the core region and the Electric- field intensity is confined at the center of solid core PCF. The mode confinement loss of this PCF decreases with increase in air hole ring layer. Also, the propagation loss is less for lower order wavelength in conventional optical wavelength band. Therefore this design of solid core PCF is suitable for sensing with lower number of air hole ring array, and suitable for communication with higher number of air hole ring array.