A Lithium Metal Anode Surviving Battery Cycling Above 200 °C

Lithium (Li) metal electrode cannot endure elevated temperature (e.g., >200 degrees C) with the regular battery configuration due to its low melting point (180.5 degrees C) and high reactivity, which restricts its application in high-temperature Li metal batteries for energy storage and causes safety concerns for regular ambient-temperature Li metal batteries. Herein, this work reports a Li5B4/Li composite featuring a 3D Li5B4 fibrillar framework filled with metallic Li, which maintains its initial structure at 325 degrees C in Ar atmosphere without leakage of the liquid Li. The capillary force caused by the porous structure of the Li4B5 fibrillar framework, together with its lithiophilic surface, restricts the leakage of liquid metallic Li and enables good thermal tolerance of the Li5B4/Li composite. Thus, it can be facilely operated for rechargeable high-temperature Li metal batteries. Li5B4/Li electrodes are coupled with a garnet-type ceramic electrolyte (Li6.5La3Zr0.5Ta1.5O12) to fabricate symmetric cells, which exhibit stable Li stripping/plating behaviors with low overpotential of approximate to 6 mV at 200 degrees C using a regular sandwich-type cell configuration. This work affords new insights into realizing a stable Li metal anode for high-temperature Li metal batteries with a simple battery configuration and high safety, which is different from traditional molten-salt Li metal batteries using a pristine metallic Li anode.