A field-emission display with an asymmetric electrostatic-quadrupole lens structure

An asymmetric electrostatic-quadrupole lens (AEQL) system for high definition field emission displays (HD-FEDs) was proposed. It was applied to the double-gated structure where the emitters are a thick layer of carbon nanotube paste such as a flat surface emitter. The AEQL structure was designed with two opposing planar electrodes of noncircular apertures which generate the quadrupole electric field. Utilizing a design of field emitter arrays (FEAs) with AEQL, an optimized beam shape with horizontal reduction and vertical elongation was obtained. According to three-dimensional (3D) simulation results, this AEQL structure exhibited excellent focusing effects that satisfied the aspects of pixel size and shape in HD-FEDs.