Assessment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Footprint Sagittal Diameter and Orientation of the Ligament in the Intercondylar Notch in Indian Population: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Analysis

Aim: To study the relevant anatomy of anterior cruciate ligament tibial footprint and orientation of the ligament in the intercondylar roof in Indian population the using MRI. Methods: A total of 70 knee MRI with intact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) was assessed for intercondylar roof angle, ACL inclination angle, ACL-bluemensaat angle, ACL sagittal center, and tibial insertion size. Results: The ACL tibial sagittal center was found to be at 43.5% of the anteroposterior tibial length. Tibial insertion size averaged 15.40 (+/- 1.29) mm with no significant difference in males and females (p > 0.05). The roof angle was 36.29 (+/- 4.02) degrees and the ACL inclination angle and ACL-bluemensaat angle were 51.22 (+/- 3.39) degrees and 4.70 (+/- 3.35) degrees respectively with no significant sex difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The ACL tibial insertion size averaged 15.40 mm and its center was at 43.51% along the Staubli and Rauschning line. The mean roof angle was 36.29 degrees and the ACLbluemensaat angle was 4.70 degrees. Understanding of the tibial footprint morphology and the relation of the ligament to the roof of the intercondylar notch helps in anatomical graft placement during reconstruction.