Abundant agricultural biomass wastes-derived 3D porous carbon material for high performance supercapacitors

Agricultural waste-derived three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon material enhances the electrochemical performance of symmetrical solid-state supercapacitors (SSCs) which are prepared by using as electrodes and (PVA-Li2SO4) gel polymer electrolyte. A saving and simple carbonization method with solution chemical activation is developed for synthesizing porous carbon from peanut shell with high specific surface area of 1348 m(2) g(-1). The electrodes making by such 3D porous carbon in a 1 M Li2SO4 aqueous electrolyte demonstrates a maximum specific capacitance of 386 F g(-1) at current density of 2 A g(-1), energy density and power density of 53.61 Wh k g(-1) and 1000 W kg(-1), respectively. The symmetrical SSCs following sandwich structure of (3D porous carbon P/PVA-Li2SO4/3D porous carbon P) exhibits a maximum specific capacitance of 116 F g(-1) at current density of 0.5 A g(-1) with excellent energy density of 9 W h kg(-1) at power density of 380 W kg(-1). Moreover, the devices demonstrate good cycling stability 89% retention after 7000 cycles. In this report, the cost-effective, fast and simple process of synthesis 3D porous carbon material from abundant biomass resources is presented which aim to apply in low-cost and highly stability supercapacitors.