Investigation of protective effect of prednisolone in nephropathy induced by co-trimoxazole in rat

Objectives: Co-trimoxazole is a sulfonamide derivative, which is used as an antibacterial drug. Prednisolone is a dermo-corticostroid derivative, which is widely used as an anti-inflammatory and in the treatment of allergic reaction and collagen vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of co-trimoxazole on the renal interstitum and protective effect of predenisolone in rat. Methodology: Four groups of animal were selected, namely A, B, C and control group. Groups A and B were treated with co-trimoxazole (150mg/Kg sulfa methoxazole + 30mg/Kg trimethoprim) while group C was treated with Co-trimoxazole and prednisolone (4mg/Kg) for 10 days. The reference group only received some dose of water. The blood samples were collected from groups A and C, 24 hours and from group B, 14 days after the last dose of drug were administrated. Microscopic samples from kidney tissue were prepared. The slides staining was done with Hematoxelin and Eosine (H&E) stain for histopathological study. Results: The creatinine level in serum of group A (1.54) showed a significant increase as compared with the control group (1.04). In the group that received co-trimoxazole the histopathological study showed acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). In the group that was treated with co-trimoxazole + prednisolone showed no histopathological changes. Conclusion: The results from present study, support the theory that AIN is drug allergic reaction when co-trimoxazole is used.