Diversity of the Origin of Cancer Stem Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Clinical Implications

被引：14
作者：
Fukumoto, Chonji [1 ]
Uchida, Daisuke [2 ]
Kawamata, Hitoshi [1 ]
机构：
[1] Dokkyo Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi 3210293, Japan
[2] Ehime Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 7910295, Japan
来源：
CANCERS | 2022年 / 14卷 / 15期
关键词：
oral squamous cell carcinoma; origin of cancer; stem cell; cancer stem cell; somatic stem cell; oral epithelial stem cell; bone marrow-derived stem cell; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; NECK NODE METASTASIS; BONE-MARROW; THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS; MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; DISTANT METASTASIS; GROWTH-FACTOR; RISK-FACTORS; HEAD;
D O I：
10.3390/cancers14153588
中图分类号：
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号：
100214 ;
摘要：
Simple Summary Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) histopathologically accounts for >= 90% of oral cancer. In this review article, we focus on the diversity of the origin of OSCC and also discuss cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subset of cancer cells that occupy a very small portion of the cancer mass and have characteristics of stem cells. When gene abnormalities accumulate in somatic stem cells, those cells transform into CSCs. CSCs as the origin of cancer then autonomously grow and develop into cancer. The histopathological phenotype of cancer cells is determined by the original characteristics of the somatic stem cells and/or surrounding environment. OSCC may be divided into the following three categories with different malignancy based on the origin of CSCs: cancer from oral epithelial stem cell-derived CSCs, cancer from stem cells in salivary gland-derived CSCs, and cancer from bone marrow-derived stem cell-derived CSCs. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) histopathologically accounts for >= 90% of oral cancer. Many clinicopathological risk factors for OSCC have also been proposed, and postoperative therapy is recommended in guidelines based on cancer stage and other risk factors. However, even if the standard treatment is provided according to the guidelines, a few cases rapidly recur or show cervical and distant metastasis. In this review article, we focus on the diversity of the origin of OSCC. We also discuss cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a key player to explain the malignancy of OSCC. CSCs are a subset of cancer cells that occupy a very small portion of the cancer mass and have characteristics of stem cells. When gene abnormalities accumulate in somatic stem cells, those cells transform into CSCs. CSCs as the origin of cancer then autonomously grow and develop into cancer. The histopathological phenotype of cancer cells is determined by the original characteristics of the somatic stem cells and/or surrounding environment. OSCC may be divided into the following three categories with different malignancy based on the origin of CSCs: cancer from oral epithelial stem cell-derived CSCs, cancer from stem cells in salivary gland-derived CSCs, and cancer from bone marrow-derived stem cell-derived CSCs.
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页数：12
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