The role of funding agencies in the cognitive development of science

被引:118
作者
Braun, D [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Lausanne, Inst Etud Polit & Int, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 美国国家科学基金会; 英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
funding agency; resource allocation; peer review; cognitive development;
D O I
10.1016/S0048-7333(98)00092-4
中图分类号
C93 [管理学];
学科分类号
12 ; 1201 ; 1202 ; 120202 ;
摘要
The influence of the policies of funding agencies on cognitive developments in science has never been systematically evaluated. In this paper it is endeavoured to gather the knowledge we have on this subject and to answer two questions: by what means and processes is the distribution of funding resources transformed into scientific information and knowledge processes? Who is deciding on the distribution of funds within funding agencies and how is this related to incremental or innovative cognitive developments in science? The major argument is that because funding resources contribute significantly to the chances of doing research and, therefore, to the maintenance or contesting of existing power relations in the scientific field, the policy-making in funding agencies is the focus of diverse interests. The structure, norms and interests within funding agencies explain both the divergence in policy output, and the often conservative implications with regard to cognitive scientific developments. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:807 / 821
页数:15
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