Lutein prevents alcohol-induced liver disease in rats by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation

Objective: Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury. The present study was designed to investigate the protective role of Lutein against alcohol-induced liver injury. Treatment: Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were divided into 3 groups, control, EtOH treatment, Lutein followed by EtOH treatment. Ethanol-treated rats received EtOH [5 g/kg body weight] by gavage every 12 hours for a total of 3 doses. For Lutein pre-treatment, Lutein at a dose o f 40 mg/kg was dissolved in the EtOH and gavaged 30 mins before EtOH treatment. Methods: Oxidative stress markers-(reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and sulfhydryls content), liver markers (ALT, AST, ALP and LDH) were determined. Antioxidant enzyme activities and its master regulator Nrf-2 expression were analyzed. Further, inflammatory proteins NF-kappa B, COX-2, iNOS and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, MCP-1, IL-1 beta, IL-6) were analyzed. Results: The results showed significant decrease in oxidative stress markers and liver markers in the lutein pre-treatment. Lutein treatment down regulated inflammatory proteins and cytokines with concomitant up regulation in Nrf-2 levels and antioxidant enzymic activities. Conclusion: The present study showed that Lutein treatment exerted potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property and offered significant cytoprotection against alcohol-induced liver injury.