Topical delivery of a preformed photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cutaneous lesions

被引:0
作者
Oleinick, Nancy L. [1 ,4 ,5 ]
Kenney, Malcolm E. [2 ,4 ]
Lam, Minh [3 ,4 ,5 ]
McCormick, Thomas [3 ,5 ]
Cooper, Kevin D. [3 ,4 ,5 ]
Baron, Elma D. [3 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
[2] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
[3] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Dermatol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
[4] Case Western Reserve Univ, Case Comprehens Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
[5] Case Western Reserve Univ, Skin Dis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
来源
OPTICAL METHODS FOR TUMOR TREATMENT AND DETECTION: MECHANISMS AND TECHNIQUES IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY XXI | 2012年 / 8210卷
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
photodynamic therapy; photosensitizer; phthalocyanine; topical administration; NONMELANOMA SKIN-CANCER; APOPTOSIS; PENETRATION; PAIN;
D O I
10.1117/12.909029
中图分类号
O43 [光学];
学科分类号
070207 ; 0803 ;
摘要
Photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) are most commonly delivered to patients or experimental animals via intravenous injection. After initial distribution throughout the body, there can be some preferential accumulation within tumors or other abnormal tissue in comparison to the surrounding normal tissue. In contrast, the photosensitizer precursor, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or one of its esters, is routinely administered topically, and more specifically, to target skin lesions. Following metabolic conversion to protoporphyrin IX, the target area is photoilluminated, limiting peripheral damage and targeting the effective agent to the desired region. However, not all skin lesions are responsive to ALA-PDT. Topical administration of fully formed photosensitizers is less common but is receiving increased attention, and some notable advances with selected approved and experimental photosensitizers have been published. Our team has examined topical administration of the phthalocyanine photosensitizer Pc 4 to mammalian (human, mouse, pig) skin. Pc 4 in a desired formulation and concentration was applied to the skin surface at a rate of 5-10 mu L/cm(2) and kept under occlusion. After various times, skin biopsies were examined by confocal microscopy, and fluorescence within regions of interest was quantified. Early after application, images show the majority of the Pc 4 fluorescence within the stratum corneum and upper epidermis. As a function of time and concentration, penetration of Pc 4 across the stratum corneum and into the epidermis and dermis was observed. The data indicate that Pc 4 can be delivered to skin for photodynamic activation and treatment of skin pathologies.
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页数:8
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