Social Power Facilitates the Effect of Prosocial Orientation on Empathic Accuracy

被引:174
作者
Cote, Stephane [1 ,2 ]
Kraus, Michael W. [3 ]
Cheng, Bonnie Hayden [1 ]
Oveis, Christopher [4 ]
van der Loewe, Ilmo [5 ]
Lian, Hua [2 ]
Keltner, Dacher [6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Joseph L Rotman Sch Management, Toronto, ON M5S 3E6, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychol, Toronto, ON M5S 3E6, Canada
[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Hlth Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[4] Harvard Univ, John F Kennedy Sch Govt, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[5] Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, Oxford OX1 3UD, England
[6] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Psychol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
关键词
power; prosocial orientation; empathic accuracy; emotions; RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA; EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE; INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY; JOB-PERFORMANCE; VAGAL TONE; COMPASSION; PERSONALITY; MEDIATION; BEHAVIOR; MODEL;
D O I
10.1037/a0023171
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Power increases the tendency to behave in a goal-congruent fashion. Guided by this theoretical notion, we hypothesized that elevated power would strengthen the positive association between prosocial orientation and empathic accuracy. In 3 studies with university and adult samples, prosocial orientation was more strongly associated with empathic accuracy when distinct forms of power were high than when power was low. In Study 1, a physiological indicator of prosocial orientation, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, exhibited a stronger positive association with empathic accuracy in a face-to-face interaction among dispositionally high-power individuals. In Study 2, experimentally induced prosocial orientation increased the ability to accurately judge the emotions of a stranger but only for individuals induced to feel powerful. In Study 3, a trait measure of prosocial orientation was more strongly related to scores on a standard test of empathic accuracy among employees who occupied high-power positions within an organization. Study 3 further showed a mediated relationship between prosocial orientation and career satisfaction through empathic accuracy among employees in high-power positions but not among employees in lower power positions. Discussion concentrates upon the implications of these findings for studies of prosociality, power, and social behavior.
引用
收藏
页码:217 / 232
页数:16
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