A Model of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia Network and Local Field Potential during Deep Brain Stimulation

Oscillatory neural activity in the beta frequency band (12-30 Hz) is elevated in Parkinson's disease and is correlated with the associated motor symptoms. These oscillations, which can be monitored through the local field potential (LFP) recorded by a deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode, can give insight into the mechanisms of action, as well as treatment efficacy, of DBS. A detailed physiological model of the cortico-basal ganglia network during DBS of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is presented. The model incorporates extracellular stimulation of STN afferent fibers, with both orthodromic and antidromic activation, and the LFP detected at the electrode. Pathological beta-band oscillations within the cortico-basal ganglia network were simulated and found to be attenuated following the application of DBS. The effects of varying DBS parameters, including pulse amplitude, duration and frequency, on the LFP at the DBS electrode were then assessed. The model presented here can be further used to understand the interaction of DBS with the complex dynamics of the cortico-basal ganglia network and subsequent changes observed in the LFP.