Overview of Subaxial Cervical Spine Fractures and Dislocations

Injuries of the subaxial cervical spine are among the most common and potentially most devastating injuries involving the axial skeleton. The lower cervical spine can suffer minor bony or ligamentous injury that nevertheless results in severe neurologic injury. Plain radiography, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are all part of the standard imaging regimen. The delayed timing of dislocation reduction and cost-effectiveness are two issues with routine use of MRI in the diagnosis of cervical facet dislocations. Serval treatment options and approaches can be used. However Orthopedic treatment can be used to reduce the fracture or dislocation returns the vertebral canal to its normal shape and dimensions and decompresses the spinal cord. Immediate treatment should be started if there are signs of spinal cord injury or any factor that could lead to such injuries. In this review we will be looking at epidemiology, causes, evaluation and treatment of such cases.