Immunity, Sex Hormones, and Environmental Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Disparity in Women

被引：16

作者：

Rehman, Suriya ^{[1
]}

Ravinayagam, Vijaya ^{[2
,3
]}

Nahvi, Insha ^{[4
]}

Aldossary, Hanan ^{[1
]}

Al-Shammari, Maha ^{[5
]}

Al Amiri, Mai Saad ^{[6
]}

Kishore, Uday ^{[7
]}

Al-Suhaimi, Ebtesam A. A. ^{[3
,8
]}

机构：

[1] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Epidem Dis Res, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

[2] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Deanship Sci Res, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

[3] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

[4] King Faisal Univ, Preparatory Year Deanship, Dept Basic Sci, Al Hufuf, Saudi Arabia

[5] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Publ Hlth, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

[6] Matern & Children Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

[7] Brunel Univ London, Coll Hlth Med & Life Sci, Biosci, Uxbridge, Middx, England

[8] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Biol Dept, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

来源：

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY | 2021年 / 12卷

关键词：

COVID-19; environment; estrogen; immunity; gender; hormones; microbiota; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; CONVERTING ENZYME 2; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; GENE-EXPRESSION; SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS; GUT MICROBIOTA; RISK-FACTORS; ESTROGEN; DISEASE; SARS;

D O I：

10.3389/fimmu.2021.680845

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a major global pandemic, causing extreme morbidity and mortality. Few studies appear to suggest a significant impact of gender in morbidity and mortality, where men are reported at a higher risk than women. The infectivity, transmissibility, and varying degree of disease manifestation (mild, modest, and severe) in population studies reinforce the importance of a number of genetic and epigenetic factors, in the context of immune response and gender. The present review dwells on several contributing factors such as a stronger innate immune response, estrogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene, and microbiota, which impart greater resistance to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease progression in women. In addition, the underlying importance of associated microbiota and certain environmental factors in gender-based disparity pertaining to the mortality and morbidity due to COVID-19 in women has also been addressed.

引用

页数：12

共 109 条

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