Engineered biofiltration for the removal of disinfection by-product precursors and genotoxicity

被引:64
作者
McKie, Michael J. [1 ]
Taylor-Edmonds, Liz [1 ]
Andrews, Susan A. [1 ]
Andrews, Robert C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
Engineered biofiltration; Disinfection by-products (DBPs); Natural organic matter (NOM); Halogenated furanones; Genotoxicity; Drinking water; DRINKING-WATER; HALOGENATED FURANONES; PERFORMANCE; CARCINOGENICITY; IMPACT; MATTER; MEDIA;
D O I
10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.034
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when naturally occurring organic matter reacts with chlorine used in drinking water treatment, and DBPs formed in chlorinated drinking water samples have been shown to cause a genotoxic response. The objective of the current study was to further understand the principles of biofiltration and the resulting impacts on the formation of DBPs and genotoxicity. Pilot-scale systems were utilized to assess the performance of engineered biofilters enhanced with hydrogen peroxide, in-line coagulants, and nutrients when compared to passively operated biofilters and conventional treatment (coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, non-biological filtration). Organic fractionation was completed using liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection (LC-OCD). Water samples were chlorinated after collection and examined for the removal of trihalomethane (THM), haloacetic acid (HAA), and adsorbable organic halide (AOX) precursors. Additionally, the formation potential of two halogenated furanones, 3-chloro-4(dichloromethyl)-2(5H)-furanone (MX) and mucochloric acid (MCA), and genotoxicity was determined. Biofiltration was shown to preferentially remove more DBP precursors than dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Formation potential of the unregulated DBPs, including MX and MCA, and genotoxic response was shown to be correlated to THM formation. These results infer that monitoring for THMs and HAAs provide insight to the formation of more mutagenic DBPs such as halogenated furanones, and that biofiltration may preferentially remove precursors to DBPs at a rate exceeding the removal of DOC. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:196 / 207
页数:12
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