A possible case of ameloblastoma in an adult male from the early 20th century Coimbra, Portugal

Objective: This article discusses the differential diagnosis of an unusual lesion found in the mandible of an adult male individual (late 19th to early 20th century). Materials: A cranium from the Identified Skulls Collection Escolas Me acute accent dicas of the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Methods: Macroscopic analysis, conventional radiography. Results: Macroscopically, a conspicuous osteolytic lesion was identified in the middle vestibular area of the mandible. The conventional radiography examination revealed a multilocular and non-expansive lesion, with undefined contours and irregular walls. Conclusions: These characteristics are compatible with a benign lesion, possibly an ameloblastoma or an odontogenic keratocyst. Significance: The present work contributes substantially to the knowledge of the development of cystic and tumour lesions in the past and generates a broader body of knowledge about these lesions. Limitations: Destructive methods were not authorized. Suggestions for Further Research: In the future, computed tomography scans and 3D reconstruction analysis, not performed in the current study, may add new and valuable information.