A 48-Year-Old Man Presenting to a Primary Care Clinic With Dyspnea on Exertion

The causes and differential diagnoses of undifferentiated dyspnea in middle-aged adults can be daunting to any practitioner. Conducting a thorough history and physical examination elucidates likely differentials while eliminating those less likely. A thorough knowledge of evidence-based practice guiding diagnosis and medical management allows the primary care provider to deliver safe, efficient care and make appropriate referrals. This case highlights the outcomes associated with appropriate identification, initial medical management, and referral to proper specialists in a typical patient presentation.