Ring Chromosome 15 Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review

Objective: This report aimed to add our knowledge on the clinical features, diagnosis and management of ring chromosome 15 syndrome. Methods: Case report and literatures review. Results: A 4.5-year-old girl was admitted to our unit because of short stature. She was 86 cm in height and 9 kg in weight. Physical examination showed sparse temporal hair, right simian crease, fifth finger clinodactyly, and many irregular cafe-au-lait spots on the chest, abdomen, and inner thigh. Mental retardation was found. The results of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as abdominal and cardiac ultrasonography were normal. Growth hormone (GH) provocative tests showed normal GH peak. Karyotyping of the lymphocytes showed 46,XX, r(15) pattern. Recombination human GH (rhGH) with a dose of 0.1 U/kg(-1).d(-1) was administered for 4 months with height increment of 3 cm. Conclusion: Ring chromosome 15 syndrome should be considered in patients with short stature and cafe-au-lait spots. Timely recognition and hereditary tendency counseling is required. rhGH therapy may improve the growth velocity.