Optimize hydrothermal synthesis and electrochemical performance of Li2FeTiO4 composite cathode materials by using orthogonal experimental design method

In this study, Li2FeTiO4 was prepared as a promising cathode material for Li-ion batteries via simple hydrothermal process using commercial C2H3O2Li center dot 2H(2)O, FeSO4 center dot 7H(2)O, and C16H36O4Ti as raw materials. The synthesis conditions, including temperature, time of hydrothermal synthesis, molar ratio, and pH value, were optimized based on an orthogonal experimental design. The optimal molar ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, and pH were 4:1:1, 175 degrees C, 48 h, and 7, respectively. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of the product. The specific surface area (9.814 m(2)/g) of Li2FeTiO4 samples calcined at 700 degrees C was measured via nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, demonstrating the potential application of Li2FeTiO4. The sample prepared at optimal conditions and calcined at 700 degrees C exhibits a high initial specific capacity of 153.8 mAh/g at a rate of C/10. The heat-treated Li2FeTiO4 has a stable cycling performance owing to its unique morphology and good crystallinity, which was achieved during calcination.