Isolation and identification of procyanidins in apple pomace

The chemical nature of the procyanidin components in apple pomace was investigated as part of a programme seeking alternative uses of the large quantity of pomace that is being generated from the apple juice industry. The homogeneous nature of the procyanidin fractions was demonstrated by the isolation and identification of a range of epicatechin oligomers, namely epicatechin-(4 beta-6) epicatechin, epicatechin (4 beta-8) epicatechin, epicatechin (4 beta-8) epicatechin (4 beta-8) epicatechin and epicatechin (4 beta-8) epicatechin (4 beta-8) epicatechin (4 beta-8)-epicatechin. The procyanidin polymers were also isolated and purified by a Sephadex LH20 column and shown to consist exclusively of epicatechin units. The chemical structures of these procyanidins were established by C-13-NMR spectroscopy, by acid-catalysed degradation reaction with phloroglucinol and by electrospray mass spectrometry. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.