The Uncertain Future of Massive Binaries Obscures the Origin of LIGO/Virgo Sources

被引：52

作者：

Belczynski, K. ^{[1
]}

Romagnolo, A. ^{[1
]}

Olejak, A. ^{[1
]}

Klencki, J. ^{[2
]}

Chattopadhyay, D. ^{[3
]}

Stevenson, S. ^{[3
]}

Miller, M. Coleman ^{[4
,5
]}

Lasota, J-P ^{[1
,6
,7
]}

Crowther, Paul A. ^{[8
]}

机构：

[1] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland

[2] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands

[3] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, John St, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia

[4] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[5] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[6] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, 98bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France

[7] Sorbonne Univ, UMR 7095, 98bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France

[8] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2022年 / 925卷 / 01期

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

BLACK-HOLE BINARIES; STELLAR EVOLUTION MODELS; WOLF-RAYET STARS; M-CIRCLE-DOT; PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION; POPULATION SYNTHESIS; COMPACT OBJECTS; LOSS RATES; ENVELOPE; METALLICITY;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/ac375a

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave observatories have detected at least 50 double black hole (BH) coalescences. This sample is large enough to have allowed several recent studies to draw conclusions about the implied branching ratios between isolated binaries versus dense stellar clusters as the origin of double BHs. It has also led to the exciting suggestion that the population is highly likely to contain primordial BHs. Here we demonstrate that such conclusions cannot yet be robust because of the large current uncertainties in several key aspects of binary stellar evolution. These include the development and survival of a common envelope, the mass and angular-momentum loss during binary interactions, mixing in stellar interiors, pair-instability mass loss, and supernova outbursts. Using standard tools such as the rapid population synthesis codes StarTrack and COMPAS and the detailed stellar evolution code MESA, we examine as a case study the possible future evolution of Melnick 34, the most massive known binary star system (with initial component masses of 144 M (circle dot) and 131 M (circle dot)). We show that, despite its fairly well-known orbital architecture, various assumptions regarding stellar and binary physics predict a wide variety of outcomes: from a close BH-BH binary (which would lead to a potentially detectable coalescence), through a wide BH-BH binary (which might be seen in microlensing observations), or a Thorne-Zytkow object, to a complete disruption of both objects by a pair-instability supernova. Thus, because the future of massive binaries is inherently uncertain, sound predictions about the properties of BH-BH systems formed in the isolated binary evolution scenario are highly challenging at this time. Consequently, it is premature to draw conclusions about the formation channel branching ratios that involve isolated binary evolution for the LIGO/Virgo BH-BH merger population.

引用

页数：13

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