Dynamics of Escherichia coli's passive response to a sudden decrease in external osmolarity

被引:55
作者
Buda, Renata [1 ,3 ]
Liu, Yunxiao [2 ]
Yang, Jin [2 ]
Hegde, Smitha [1 ]
Stevenson, Keiran [1 ]
Bai, Fan [2 ]
Pilizota, Teuta [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Cell Biol, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Synthet & Syst Biol, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, Midlothian, Scotland
[2] Peking Univ, Sch Life Sci, Biodynam Opt Imaging Ctr BIOPIC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China
[3] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Div Mol Biol, Lab Cell Biophys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
基金
英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
osmotic downshock; bacterial mechanosensing; single-cell imaging; BACTERIAL MECHANOSENSITIVE CHANNELS; OUTER-MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; GATING MECHANISM; ION CHANNELS; MSCL; PRESSURE; CELL; TURGOR; LIPOSOMES;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1522185113
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
For most cells, a sudden decrease in external osmolarity results in fast water influx that can burst the cell. To survive, cells rely on the passive response of mechanosensitive channels, which open under increased membrane tension and allow the release of cytoplasmic solutes and water. Although the gating and the molecular structure of mechanosensitive channels found in Escherichia coli have been extensively studied, the overall dynamics of the whole cellular response remain poorly understood. Here, we characterize E. coli's passive response to a sudden hypoosmotic shock (downshock) on a single-cell level. We show that initial fast volume expansion is followed by a slow volume recovery that can end below the initial value. Similar response patterns were observed at downshocks of a wide range of magnitudes. Although wild-type cells adapted to osmotic downshocks and resumed growing, cells of a double-mutant (Delta mscL, Delta mscS) strain expanded, but failed to fully recover, often lysing or not resuming growth at high osmotic downshocks. We propose a theoretical model to explain our observations by simulating mechanosensitive channels opening, and subsequent solute efflux and water flux. The model illustrates how solute efflux, driven by mechanical pressure and solute chemical potential, competes with water influx to reduce cellular osmotic pressure and allow volume recovery. Our work highlights the vital role of mechanosensation in bacterial survival.
引用
收藏
页码:E5838 / E5846
页数:9
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