Association of depression and sleep quality with complications of type 2 diabetes in geriatric patients

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is highly prevalent and increasing in geriatric population. Depression and sleep disorders occur at a higher rate in patients with diabetes compared with controls. Aim The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether diabetic complications influence the sleep quality and depression in elderly patients. Methods 154 geriatric diabetic patients (male/female: 69/85) were enrolled in this study. Patients were investigated for microvascular and macrovascular complications. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were performed for assessment of sleep quality and depression, respectively. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify significant independent related factors for GDS and PSQI scores. Results Microvascular and macrovascular complications were found in 47.4 % and 29.2 of study population. PSQI and GDS scores of patients with microvascular complications were significantly higher than those of patients without microvascular complications (8.23 +/- A 3.83 vs 5.76 +/- A 3.04, p 0.001; 11.07 +/- A 6.07 vs 6.94 +/- A 5.35, p 0.001), respectively. There was no difference in GDS scores between the patients with and without macrovascular complications. There was a positive correlation between DM duration and PSQI, GDS scores. Neuropathy was an independent variable for poor sleep quality (OR 1.362, 95 % CI 0.032-2.692, p 0.045) and depression (OR 2.909, 95 % CI 0.610-5.209, p 0.014). Conclusion Depression status and sleep quality are strongly influenced by diabetic complications and DM duration in elderly patients.