Tiger nut: Antidote for alcohol-induced testicular toxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats

Objective: Studies have implicated alcohol consumption as a factor leading to male infertility. Tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus) on the other hand, have been shown to possess the potential to boost male reproductive indices. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of tiger nuts on alcohol-induced testicular toxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (160g averagely) were divided into six groups (A-F) (n=5). Group A (Control) received distilled water only; Group B (Tiger nut alone) received 1.8 g/kg body weight (BW) tiger nut; Groups C-F received 1 ml of 30% v/v alcohol three times weekly but groups C-E, also, received varied doses of tiger nut (0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 g/kg) (low, medium and high doses, respectively). All administrations were by oral gavage for 8 weeks. Serum was obtained and assayed for FSH, LH, and testosterone. Sperm was analyzed for semen parameters, and vitamins C and E contents. The testes were analyzed for antioxidants and histomorphology. Results: There was a significant decrease in body and testicular weights, semen characteristics with altered contents of vitamins C and E, hormone profiles, and testicular morphology in alcohol-exposed rats when compared with the control animals. However, the administration of tiger nuts improved the testicular architecture, semen parameters, and antioxidant enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: Supplementation with tiger nuts following alcohol administration produces a reversal of the deleterious effect of alcohol on the testis in a dose-dependent manner.