Chromosomal control of albumins and globulins in wheat grain assessed using different fractionation procedures

A systematic study of the water-soluble (albumin) and salt-soluble (globulin) proteins of wheat flour, by analysis of null genetic lines using different methods of protein separation, has established the location of several of their genes on individual chromosomes. SDS-PAGE analysis of water-soluble proteins indicated the chromosomal location of polypeptides of M-chi, 64 000, M-chi 62 000 and M-chi, 16 000 on 4DL, 4BS and 3DS respectively. Similarly, two globulin polypeptides of M-chi 38 000 and M-chi, 39 000 were assigned to chromosomes 2A, 2B, 2D, 3BS, 3DS, 4DS, 5DL, 6DS, 7BS or 7DL using isoelectric focusing. In addition. several non-gluten proteins have been mapped on chromosome 1D, 3AL, 3BS, 3DS, 4AL, 4BS, 4DS, and 5DL by reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC). The proteins separated hy RP-HPLC were also correlated with proteins resolved with other methods. The polypeptides assigned to different chromosomes using SDS-PAGE and isoelectric focusing were also analysed by 2-D electrophoresis to confirm the chromosomal location of genes controlling expression of particular polypeptides. Some other proteins that were not resolved by either method alone, were able to be mapped on chromosomes using 2-D electrophoresis. The chromosome-specific proteins are now being used to develop chromosome-specific markers, which may be valuable to discover spontaneous deletions as well as natural translocations from alien species. (C) 2001 Academic Press.