A Batch-Mode Regularized Multimetric Active Learning Framework for Classification of Hyperspectral Images

Techniques that combine multiple types of features, such as spectral and spatial features, for hyperspectral image classification can often significantly improve the classification accuracy and produce a more reliable thematic map. However, the high dimensionality of the input data and the typically limited quantity of labeled samples are two key challenges that affect classification performance of supervised methods. In order to simultaneously deal with these issues, a regularized multimetric active learning (AL) framework is proposed which consists of three main parts. First, a regularized multimetric learning approach is proposed to jointly learn distinct metrics for different types of features. The regularizer incorporates the unlabeled data based on the neighborhood relationship, which helps avoid over-fitting at early stages of AL, when the quantity of training data is particularly small. Then, as AL proceeds, the regularizer is also updated through similarity propagation, thus taking advantage of informative labeled samples. Finally, multiple features are projected into a common feature space, in which a new batch-mode AL strategy combining uncertainty and diversity is utilized in conjunction with k-nearest neighbor classification to enrich the set of labeled samples. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, the experiments were conducted on two benchmark hyperspectral data sets, and the results were compared to those achieved by several other state-of-the-art AL methods.