tRNA-derived fragments: A new class of non-coding RNA with key roles in nervous system function and dysfunction

被引:46
作者
Fagan, Steven G. [1 ,2 ]
Helm, Mark [3 ]
Prehn, Jochen H. M. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Dept Physiol & Med Phys, 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
[2] Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, SFI FutureNeuro Res Ctr, St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
[3] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci IPBS, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
基金
爱尔兰科学基金会;
关键词
tRNA fragment; tiRNA; Neurological disease; Biomarker; RAPID TRANSFER-RNA; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; ANGIOGENIN VARIANTS; MESSENGER-RNA; STRESS; MUTATIONS; TRANSLATION; METHYLATION; BIOGENESIS; DISEASE;
D O I
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102118
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNA) are a recently identified family of non-coding RNA that have been associated with a variety of cellular functions including the regulation of protein translation and gene expression. Recent sequencing and bioinformatic studies have identified the broad spectrum of tsRNA in the nervous system and demonstrated that this new class of non-coding RNA is produced from tRNA by specific cleavage events catalysed by ribonucleases such as angiogenin and dicer. Evidence is also accumulating that production of tsRNA is increased during disease processes where they regulate stress responses, proteostasis, and neuronal survival. Mutations to tRNA cleaving and modifying enzymes have been implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders, and tsRNA levels in the blood are advancing as biomarkers for neurological disease. In this review we summarize the physiological importance of tsRNA in the central nervous system and their relevance to neurological disease.
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页数:9
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