The review covers the use of NMR spectroscopy in studies of optically active Schiff bases based on selected results reported in the last decade. The first part of the review is devoted to formation of Schiff bases as products which facilitate determination of the enatiomeric purity of various compounds. The next part is dedicated to conformational studies and investigation of different types of equilibria in optically active Schiff bases. Another part is devoted to studies of selected metal complexes, derivatives of optically active Schiff bases. Results concerning investigation of biologically active compounds in which Schiff bases are formed as intermediate product of enzymatic reactions are presented in separate section.