Horseshoe kidney stones: Benefit of flexible ureterorenoscopy with holmium laser

Objectives. - We aim to assess the outcome of the flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) with holmium laser in treating horseshoe kidney (HSK) stones. Patients and methods. - We reviewed retrospectively the records of 18 patients with HSK stone (18 renal units) who underwent F-URS using holmium laser from December 2004 to October 2009. The mean age was 37.7 +/- 6.9 years. The F-URS used after the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) failure in eight patients (44.4%) and four patients (22.2%) had PCNL failure. The follow up visit range were between 4 and 6 weeks with plain radiograph (KUB) and renal ultrasound or non contrast computed tomography scan (NCCT). Success rate was defined as stone free or residual fragment less than 3 mm. Use of auxiliary procedures like ESWL were considered as treatment failure. Results. - Eighteen patients, three females and 15 males with mean age was 37.7 +/- 6.9 years with HSK calculi underwent ureteroscopic management. The presenting symptoms were renal colic, urinary tract infection or hematuria. We found different HSK stone location (11 mixed calyceal, three mixed pelvic and calyceal and four pelvic). The average stone burden was 15.5 +/- 7.3 mm and the mean operative time was 112 +/- 9.4 minutes. All over procedures were 27, with mean average of 1.5 procedures per patient. The success rate was 89%. Conclusion. - The F-URS with holmium laser is an efficient minimal invasive procedure in treating HSK stones. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.