A lectin-mediated resistance of higher fungi against predators and parasites

被引:84
作者
Bleuler-Martinez, S. [1 ]
Butschi, A. [2 ]
Garbani, M. [1 ]
Waelti, M. A. [1 ]
Wohlschlager, T. [1 ]
Potthoff, E. [1 ]
Sabotic, J. [3 ]
Pohleven, J. [3 ]
Luethy, P. [1 ]
Hengartner, M. O. [2 ]
Aebi, M. [1 ]
Kuenzler, M. [1 ]
机构
[1] ETH, Inst Microbiol, Dept Biol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
[2] Univ Zurich, Inst Mol Life Sci, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
[3] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
amoebozoa; carbohydrate; glycan; insect; nematode; toxicity; XEROCOMUS-CHRYSENTERON LECTIN; STRUCTURAL BASIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; GALANTHUS-NIVALIS; AGARICUS-BISPORUS; COPRINUS-CINEREUS; SNOWDROP LECTIN; PLANT-LECTINS; EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05093.x
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Fruiting body lectins are ubiquitous in higher fungi and characterized by being synthesized in the cytoplasm and up-regulated during sexual development. The function of these lectins is unclear. A lack of phenotype in sexual development upon inactivation of the respective genes argues against a function in this process. We tested a series of characterized fruiting body lectins from different fungi for toxicity towards the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the mosquito Aedes aegypti and the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. Most of the fungal lectins were found to be toxic towards at least one of the three target organisms. By altering either the fungal lectin or the glycans of the target organisms, or by including soluble carbohydrate ligands as competitors, we demonstrate that the observed toxicity is dependent on the interaction between the fungal lectins and specific glycans in the target organisms. The toxicity was found to be dose-dependent such that low levels of lectin were no longer toxic but still led to food avoidance by C. elegans. Finally, we show, in an ecologically more relevant scenario, that challenging the vegetative mycelium of Coprinopsis cinerea with the fungal-feeding nematode Aphelenchus avenae induces the expression of the nematotoxic fruiting body lectins CGL1 and CGL2. Based on these findings, we propose that filamentous fungi possess an inducible resistance against predators and parasites mediated by lectins that are specific for glycans of these antagonists.
引用
收藏
页码:3056 / 3070
页数:15
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