Altered Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes: Just a Coincidence?

被引：162

作者：

Sircana, Antonio ^{[1
]}

Framarin, Luciana ^{[2
]}

Leone, Nicola ^{[2
]}

Berrutti, Mara ^{[2
]}

Castellino, Francesca ^{[2
]}

Parente, Renato ^{[2
]}

De Michieli, Franco ^{[3
]}

Paschetta, Elena ^{[2
]}

Musso, Giovanni ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Azienda Osped Univ, Sassari, Italy

[2] Univ Turin, HUMANITAS Gradenigo, Cso Regina Margherita 8, I-10132 Turin, Italy

[3] Univ Turin, San Giovanni Battista Hosp, Dept Med Sci, Turin, Italy

来源：

CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS | 2018年 / 18卷 / 10期

关键词：

Dysbiosis; Inflammation; LPS; SCFAs; Insulin resistance; Probiotics; CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; LIPID PROFILE; FATTY-ACIDS; INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE;

D O I：

10.1007/s11892-018-1057-6

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Purpose of ReviewIn the last decade many studies have suggested an association between the altered gut microbiota and multiple systemic diseases including diabetes. In this review, we will discuss potential pathophysiological mechanisms, the latest findings regarding the mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the results obtained with experimental modulation of microbiota.Recent FindingsIn T2D, gut dysbiosis contributes to onset and maintenance of insulin resistance. Different strategies that reduce dysbiosis can improve glycemic control.SummaryEvidence in animals and humans reveals differences between the gut microbial composition in healthy individuals and those with T2D. Changes in the intestinal ecosystem could cause inflammation, alter intestinal permeability, and modulate metabolism of bile acids, short-chain fatty acids and metabolites that act synergistically on metabolic regulation systems contributing to insulin resistance. Interventions that restore equilibrium in the gut appear to have beneficial effects and improve glycemic control. Future research should examine in detail and in larger studies other possible pathophysiological mechanisms to identify specific pathways modulated by microbiota modulation and identify new potential therapeutic targets.

引用

页数：11

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