A biosensor based on rotary molecular motors

A biosensor based on FoF(1)-ATPase with immunological and biochemical techniques to achieve the goal of clenbuterol detection is constructed. The enzyme FoF(1)-ATPase is a molecular motor that converts the chemical energy stored in the molecule adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) into mechanical rotation of its gamma sub-unit. During steady state catalysis, the three catalytic sites of FoF(1)-ATPase operate in a cooperative fashion such that at every instant each site is in a different conformation corresponding to a different stage along the catalytic cycle. Notwithstanding a large amount of biochemical and, recently, structural data we still lack an understanding of how ATP hydrolysis in FoF(1)-ATPase is coupled to mechanical motion and how the catalytic sites achieve cooperativity during rotatory catalysis. It's found that different loads onto the -subunit of chromatophores could affect its synthesis activity to different extent. The detecting mechanism was depended on proton-flux driven by rotary catalytic ATP synthesis. The results clearly showed that the detection of clenbuterol by the biosensor was 10(-12) g/L. The results showed that the new biosensor may prove to be a useful nano-device for super-sensitive detection. The activity of FoF(1)-ATPase is affected with different loads of rotary molecular motors.