Sex Disparities in Efficacy in COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

被引：61

作者：

Bignucolo, Alessia ^{[1
]}

Scarabel, Lucia ^{[1
]}

Mezzalira, Silvia ^{[1
]}

Polesel, Jerry ^{[2
]}

Cecchin, Erika ^{[1
]}

Toffoli, Giuseppe ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] IRCCS, Ctr Riferimento Oncol Aviano CRO, Expt & Clin Pharmacol, Via Franco Gallini 2, I-33081 Aviano, Italy

[2] IRCCS, Ctr Riferimento Oncol Aviano CRO, Unit Canc Epidemiol, Via Franco Gallini 2, I-33081 Aviano, Italy

来源：

VACCINES | 2021年 / 9卷 / 08期

关键词：

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; vaccines; sex; gender; immune system; RECURRENT VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; RISK; VACCINATION; RESPONSES;

D O I：

10.3390/vaccines9080825

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Sex differences in adaptive and innate immune responses have been shown to occur and anecdotal reports suggest that vaccine efficacy and safety may be sex-dependent. We investigated the influence of sex on the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines through a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials on COVID-19 vaccines. The safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines was also investigated. A systematic review included eligible articles published in three databases and three websites. A meta-analysis of available data, stratified by sex, was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method, as well as influence and heterogeneity analysis. Pooled analysis showed significantly higher efficacy, measured as the rate of new COVID-19 cases, in men compared to women in the vaccine group (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.94). No sex differences were found in the rate of new cases in the control group (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.78-1.09). Safety profiles derived from pharmacovigilance reports appear to indicate increased toxicity in women. In conclusion, evidence of a potential role of sex in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy was described. It strengthens the need to include sex as a core variable in the clinical trial design of COVID-19 vaccines.

引用

页数：9

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