The application of a structural nutritional care management model in severe acute pancreatitis patients undergoing early enteral nutrition via nasal jejunal nutrition tubes

Objective: To investigate the advantages of a structural nutritional care management model (hereafter referred to as structural management) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients undergoing early enteral nutrition via nasal jejunal nutrition tubes. Methods: A total of 88 patients with SAP diagnosed and treated in our hospital were recruited as the study cohort and underwent enteral nutrition treatment. A random number table was used for the random grouping. The control group was routinely managed, and the study group was also administered structural management. In the study, we observed and compared the differences and changes in the relevant nutritional indexes (albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), and transferrin (TRF)) and the gastrointestinal hormone indexes (gastrin (MTL), vasoactive peptide (VIP), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) before and after the treatment. Between the two groups, we also compared the times required for the recovery of the relevant gastrointestinal physiological function indexes, the mechanical ventilation times, the hospitalization durations in the ICU, the complications, the satisfaction indexes and the satisfaction rates. Results: After the treatment, the relevant nutritional indicators, including ALB (35.26 +/- 3.35 g/L), PA (25.19 +/- 5.64 g/L), and TRF (2.82 +/- 0.54 g/L) in the study group were higher than the ALB (28.19 +/- 2.74 g/L), PA (21.29 +/- 4.32 g/L), and TRF (2.26 +/- 0.32 g/L) in the control group (all P<0.05). After the treatment, the relevant gastrointestinal hormone indicators, including MTL (269.72+37.18 pg/mL) and 5-HT (2214.61 +/- 432.95 ng/mL) in the study group were higher than the MTL (231.25 +/- 32.63 pg/mL) and 5-HT (1914.26 +/- 391.53 ng/mL) in the control group (all P<0.05). Moreover, the VIP in the study group was 53.13 +/- 6.17 pg/mL, which was significantly lower than the VIP in the control group (65.29 +/- 9.35 pg/mL, P<0.05). The time required for the recovery of the gastrointestinal function indexes in the study group was less than it was in the control group (P<0.05). The duration of the mechanical ventilation (8.16+1.93 days) and the hospitalization durations in the ICU (9.24 +/- 0.77 days) in the study group were significantly shorter than the duration of the mechanical ventilation (12.24 +/- 1.65 days) and the hospitalization durations in the ICU (13.23 +/- 0.88 days) in the control group (all P<0.05). The overall complication rate in the study group was significantly lower than it was in the control group (P<0.05), and the satisfaction rate in the study group was significantly higher than it was in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined use of structural management in SAP patients undergoing enteral nutrition treatment significantly improved the relevant nutritional indicator and gastrointestinal hormone indicator levels. It also contributed to the recovery of the gastrointestinal function indicators in the SAP patients, reduced the durations of their mechanical ventilation, their hospitalization durations in the ICU, and their complications and contributed to a significant increase in their satisfaction with the nursing.