Can bottom-up processes of attention be a source of "interference' insituations where top-down control of attention is crucial?

被引：11

作者：

Nikolla, Dritan ^{[1
]}

Edgar, Graham ^{[1
]}

Catherwood, Dianne ^{[1
]}

Matthews, Tristan ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Gloucestershire, Dept Nat & Social Sci, Cheltenham, Glos, England

[2] Queen Marys Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England

来源：

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY | 2018年 / 109卷 / 01期

关键词：

attention; emotion; signal detection theory; bias; memory; top-down attention; bottom-up attention; quantitative analysis of situation awareness; situation awareness; IAPS; military; negative emotions; positive emotions; EMOTIONAL STIMULI; VISUAL-ATTENTION; TARGET DETECTION; MECHANISMS; MEMORY; SENSITIVITY; ANXIETY;

D O I：

10.1111/bjop.12251

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

In this study, we investigate whether emotionally engaged bottom-up processes of attention can be a source of interference' insituations where top-down control of attention is necessary. Participants were asked to monitor and report on a video of a war scenario showing a developing battle in two conditions: emotionally positive and emotionally negative. Half of the participants (n=15) were exposed to task-irrelevant pictures of positive emotional valence embedded within the scenario; the other half were exposed to task-irrelevant pictures of negative emotional valence. Sensitivity and Bias scores were calculated using signal detection theory. Overall, task accuracy scores were dependent upon the valence; negative pictures had an adverse effect on performance, whereas positive pictures improved performance. We concluded that negative emotional pictures interfered with top-down control of attention by attracting competing bottom-up processes of attention. We found the opposite effect for positive emotional stimuli.

引用

页码：85 / 98

页数：14