Infrared leaky-wave antenna using a uniaxial graphene metasurface

In the past few years leaky-wave antennas have been a very active area of antenna research due to their beam-scanning abilities. With the surge in graphene and 2D material research applications, there have been efforts to design graphene-based antennas in the terahertz and infrared spectrum due to graphene's ability to strongly localize electromagnetic waves which leads to the ability to miniaturize and reconfigure antennas through electrical bias, magnetic bias, acoustic bias or chemical doping. It has also been seen that uniaxial metasurfaces such as graphene strips or phosphorene monolayers demonstrate extreme topological transitions from closed elliptical, quasi-isotropic to open hyperbolic canalization regimes. Here we design a planar long-wave infrared leaky-wave antenna based on periodic graphene strips. The leaky-wave antenna consisting of the graphene strips shall radiate at different angles at long-wave infrared wavelengths but more importantly radiate at 28.3THz at different angles for different values of biasing of the monolayer controlled by the chemical potential of the monolayers. We also explore the anisotropy of ultrathin hyperbolic reconfigurable metasurfaces represented by graphene strips in the context of a leaky-wave antenna. The different canalization regimes of the graphene strip metasurface are explored for applications in the field of flatland optics and planar antenna arrays.