Clinical significance of up-regulated ID1 expression in Chinese de novo acute myeloid leukemia

To investigate the clinical significance of ID1 expression in Chinese de novo AML patients. Real-time quantitative PCR was carried out to detect the status of ID1 expression in 102 de novo AML patients and 28 controls. ID1 transcript level was significantly increased in AML compared to normal controls (P= 0.029). The age in the patients with high ID1 expression is significantly older than in those with low ID1 expression (P= 0.044). ID1 overexpression occurred with the highest frequency in the patients with poor karyotype (7/7, 100%), lower frequency in the patients with intermediate karyotype (28/60, 47%), and the lowest frequency in the patients with favorable karyotype (12/31, 39%). Both whole AML and non-M3 patients with high ID1 expression had significantly lower rate of complete remission than those with low ID1 expression (P= 0.007 and 0.038). ID1 high-expressed patients showed significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than ID1 low-expressed patients in both whole AML and non-M3 according to Kaplan-Meier analysis (P= 0.007 and 0.040). However, multivariate analysis indicated that ID1 overexpression was not an independent risk factor in both whole AML and non-M3 patients. However, the adverse impact of ID1 overexpression on outcome was revealed by both Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate analysis in the non-M3 patients less than 60 years old. Our study reveals that ID1 overexpression may be associated with higher risk karyotype classification and act as an independent risk factor in young non-M3 patients.