Low Trihalomethane Formation during Managed Aquifer Recharge with Chlorinated Desalinated Water

被引:5
作者
Bernstein, Anat [1 ]
Studny, Raz [1 ]
Shyntychea, Vinolia [1 ]
Kurtzman, Daniel [2 ]
Ganot, Yonatan [2 ]
Katz, Yoram [3 ]
Asfaw, Berhane Abrha [4 ]
Sakaguchi-Soeder, Kaori [4 ,5 ]
Schueth, Christoph [4 ]
Siebner, Hagar [1 ]
机构
[1] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Sde Boker Campus, Beer Sheva 8499000, Israel
[2] Agr Res Org, Inst Soil Water & Environm Sci, Volcani Ctr, Rishon Leziyyon 7505101, Israel
[3] Water Co Ltd, Mekorot, Tel Aviv 6713402, Israel
[4] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Appl Geosci, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
[5] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst IWAR, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
关键词
MAR; disinfection by-products; THMs; aquifer storage; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; DRINKING-WATER; SEAWATER DESALINATION; RECOVERY; STORAGE; FATE; INFILTRATION; GROUNDWATER; QUALITY; CHLOROFORM;
D O I
10.3390/w12030711
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Trihalomethanes (THMs) are toxic disinfection by-products, formed in the reaction of chlorine with organic matter. This work aimed to study THM formation during a unique case study of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with chlorinated desalinated seawater. THM formation was tested in the field, along a 3.0 m deep vadose zone gallery. Two small-scale experiments were conducted in the site, with untreated and with bromide spiked desalinated seawater. These were accompanied by a large-scale, similar to 1-month long operational MAR event. In the small-scale experiments, THM concentrations were shown to increase with bromide concentrations, with increasing dominance of the brominated species. Nevertheless, concentrations remained within the single mu g/L range, which is an order of magnitude lower than drinking water regulations. Such low THM concentrations were also determined in the large-scale event. In both cases, THM formation occurred in the ponding water, without significant formation or degradation in the upper 3.0 m of the vadose zone. This study shows that MAR with chlorinated (<0.5 mg/L) desalinated seawater through sandy infiltration basins does not pose a threat to drinking water quality at this site.
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页数:12
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