Influence of 3-D cross-talk on qualified viewing spaces in two- and multi-view autostereoscopic displays

To estimate the qualified viewing spaces for two- and multi-view autostereoscopic displays, the relationship between image quality (image comfort, annoying ghost image, depth perception) and various pairings between 3-D cross-talk in the left and right views are studied subjectively using a two- view autostereoscopic display and test charts for the left and right views with ghost images due to artificial 3-D cross-talk. The artificial 3-D cross-talk was tuned to simulate the view in the intermediate zone of the viewing spaces. It was shown that the stereoscopic images on a two- view autostereoscopic display cause discomfort when they are observed by the eye in the intermediate zone between the viewing spaces. This is because the ghost image due to large 3-D cross-talk in the intermediate zone elicits different depth perception from the depth induced by the original images for the left and right views, so the observer's depth perception is confused. Image comfort is also shown to be better for multi-views, especially the width of the viewing space, which is narrower than the interpupillary distance, where the parallax of the cross-talking image is small.