Mummified precocial bird wings in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

被引：63

作者：

Xing, Lida ^{[1
,2
]}

McKellar, Ryan C. ^{[3
,4
]}

Wang, Min ^{[5
]}

Bai, Ming ^{[6
]}

O'Connor, Jingmai K. ^{[5
]}

Benton, Michael J. ^{[7
]}

Zhang, Jianping ^{[2
]}

Wang, Yan ^{[8
]}

Tseng, Kuowei ^{[9
]}

Lockley, Martin G. ^{[10
]}

Li, Gang ^{[11
]}

Zhang, Weiwei ^{[12
]}

Xu, Xing ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China

[2] China Univ Geosci, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China

[3] Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Palaeontol, Regina, SK S4P 2V7, Canada

[4] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada

[5] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China

[6] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China

[7] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England

[8] Linyi Univ, Inst Geol & Paleontol, Linyi 276000, Peoples R China

[9] Univ Taipei, Dept Exercise & Hlth Sci, Taipei 11153, Taiwan

[10] Univ Colorado, Dinosaur Tracks Museum, Denver, CO 80217 USA

[11] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China

[12] POB 4680, Chongqing 400015, Peoples R China

来源：

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2016年 / 7卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

FEATHERS; ARCHAEOPTERYX; EVOLUTION; CHINA; ARRANGEMENT; THEROPOD;

D O I：

10.1038/ncomms12089

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Our knowledge of Cretaceous plumage is limited by the fossil record itself: compression fossils surrounding skeletons lack the finest morphological details and seldom preserve visible traces of colour, while discoveries in amber have been disassociated from their source animals. Here we report the osteology, plumage and pterylosis of two exceptionally preserved theropod wings from Burmese amber, with vestiges of soft tissues. The extremely small size and osteological development of the wings, combined with their digit proportions, strongly suggests that the remains represent precocial hatchlings of enantiornithine birds. These specimens demonstrate that the plumage types associated with modern birds were present within single individuals of Enantiornithes by the Cenomanian (99 million years ago), providing insights into plumage arrangement and microstructure alongside immature skeletal remains. This finding brings new detail to our understanding of infrequently preserved juveniles, including the first concrete examples of follicles, feather tracts and apteria in Cretaceous avialans.

引用

页数：7

共 41 条

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