Gas emissions, minerals, and tars associated with three coal fires, Powder River Basin, USA

被引：94

作者：

Engle, Mark A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Radke, Lawrence F. ^{[3
,4
]}

Heffern, Edward L. ^{[5
]}

O'Keefe, Jennifer M. K. ^{[6
]}

Flower, James C.

Smeltzer, Charles D. ^{[8
]}

Hower, Judith M. ^{[7
,9
]}

Olea, Ricardo A. ^{[1
]}

Eatwell, Robert J. ^{[4
]}

Blake, Donald R. ^{[10
]}

Emsbo-Mattingly, Stephen D. ^{[11
]}

Stout, Scott A. ^{[11
]}

Queen, Gerald ^{[12
]}

Aggen, Kerry L. ^{[12
]}

Kolker, Allan ^{[1
]}

Prakash, Anupma ^{[13
]}

Henke, Kevin R. ^{[7
]}

Stracher, Glenn B. ^{[14
]}

Schroeder, Paul A. ^{[15
]}

Roman-Colon, Yomayra ^{[1
]}

ter Schure, Arnout ^{[16
]}

机构：

[1] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA

[2] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA

[3] Univ Washington, Cloud & Aerosol Res Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[4] Airborne Res Consultants, Saunderstown, RI 02875 USA

[5] US Bur Land Management, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA

[6] Morehead State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA

[7] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA

[8] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[9] Geomed Associates, Lexington, KY 40503 USA

[10] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[11] NewFields Environm Forens, Rockland, MA 02370 USA

[12] US Bur Land Management, Buffalo, WY 82834 USA

[13] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA

[14] E Georgia Coll, Swainsboro, GA 30401 USA

[15] Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA

[16] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA

来源：

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT | 2012年 / 420卷

关键词：

Greenhouse gas; Spontaneous combustion; Mercury; Emissions; Remote sensing; Coal fires; EASTERN KENTUCKY; PAH SOURCE; HYDROCARBONS; COMBUSTION; RATIOS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.01.037

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Ground-based surveys of three coal fires and airborne surveys of two of the fires were conducted near Sheridan. Wyoming. The fires occur in natural outcrops and in abandoned mines, all containing Paleocene-age subbituminous coals. Diffuse (carbon dioxide (CO2) only) and vent (CO2, carbon monoxide (CO), methane, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and elemental mercury) emission estimates were made for each of the fires. Additionally, gas samples were collected for volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis and showed a large range in variation between vents. The fires produce locally dangerous levels of CO, CO2, H2S, and benzene, among other gases. At one fire in an abandoned coal mine, trends in gas and tar composition followed a change in topography. Total CO2 fluxes for the fires from airborne, ground-based, and rate of fire advancement estimates ranged from 0.9 to 780 mg/s/m(2) and are comparable to other coal fires worldwide. Samples of tar and coal-fire minerals collected from the mouth of vents provided insight into the behavior and formation of the coal fires. Published by Elsevier B.V.

引用

页码：146 / 159

页数：14

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