Drug Addiction Endophenotypes: Impulsive Versus Sensation-Seeking Personality Traits

被引:313
作者
Ersche, Karen D. [1 ,3 ]
Turton, Abigail J. [1 ]
Pradhan, Shachi [1 ]
Bullmore, Edward T. [1 ,3 ,4 ]
Robbins, Trevor W. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Dept Expt Psychol, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, England
[3] Univ Cambridge, Behav & Clin Neurosci Inst, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, England
[4] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Clin Unit Cambridge, Cambridge, England
基金
英国医学研究理事会; 英国惠康基金;
关键词
BIS-11; endophenotypes; impulsivity; sensation-seeking; substance dependence; vulnerability marker; RECEPTOR AVAILABILITY; USE DISORDERS; DOPAMINE; SYSTEMS; HABITS;
D O I
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.06.015
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Background: Genetic factors have been implicated in the development of substance abuse disorders, but the role of pre-existing vulnerability in addiction is still poorly understood. Personality traits of impulsivity and sensation-seeking are highly prevalent in chronic drug users and have been linked with an increased risk for substance abuse. However, it has not been clear whether these personality traits are a cause or an effect of stimulant drug dependence. Method: We compared self-reported levels of impulsivity and sensation-seeking between 30 sibling pairs of stimulant-dependent individuals and their biological brothers/sisters who did not have a significant drug-taking history and 30 unrelated, nondrug-taking control volunteers. Results: Siblings of chronic stimulant users reported significantly higher levels of trait-impulsivity than control volunteers but did not differ from control volunteers with regard to sensation-seeking traits. Stimulant-dependent individuals reported significantly higher levels of impulsivity and sensation-seeking compared with both their siblings and control volunteers. Conclusions: These data indicate that impulsivity is a behavioral endophenotype mediating risk for stimulant dependence that may be exacerbated by chronic drug exposure, whereas abnormal sensation-seeking is more likely to be an effect of stimulant drug abuse.
引用
收藏
页码:770 / 773
页数:4
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