Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Limonoids and Flavonoids in Seeds of Grapefruits, Other Citrus Species, and Dietary Supplements
被引:24
作者:
Avula, Bharathi
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Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Avula, Bharathi
[1
]
Sagi, Satyanarayanaraju
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Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Sagi, Satyanarayanaraju
[1
]
Wang, Yan-Hong
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Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Wang, Yan-Hong
[1
]
Wang, Mei
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Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Wang, Mei
[1
]
Gafner, Stefan
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Amer Bot Council, Austin, TX USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Gafner, Stefan
[2
]
Manthey, John A.
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ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Manthey, John A.
[3
]
Khan, Ikhlas A.
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Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept BioMol Sci, Div Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USAUniv Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
Khan, Ikhlas A.
[1
,4
]
机构:
[1] Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA
[2] Amer Bot Council, Austin, TX USA
[3] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA
[4] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept BioMol Sci, Div Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA
A selective UHPLC-DAD-QToF-MS method was developed to screen grapefruit seeds, and the seeds of other Citrus species for limonoid aglycones, acids, glucosides, and flavonoids. These classes of compounds were identified in positive and negative ion modes over a mass-to-charge range from 100-1500. Accurate mass values, elution times, and fragmentation patterns obtained by QToF-mass spectrometry were used to identify or tentatively characterize the compounds detected in the sample of this study. Limonin was the major limonoid in most of the seeds of Citrus species, followed by nomilin. This analytical method was successfully applied for the analysis of commercial extracts and dietary supplements claiming to contain grapefruit seed extract, or extracts made from the seed and other fruit parts such as the peel or pulp. Many commercial products contained large numbers of flavonoids, indicating the use of peel, pulp, or seed coat. This method also permitted detection of synthetic preservatives such as benzethonium chloride, methylparaben, and triclosan in commercial grapefruit seed extract products. Out of the 17 commercial products analyzed, two contained the synthetic antimicrobial agent benzethonium chloride.
机构:Food Crops Utilization Research Laboratory,1 1 A laboratory of the Southern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Weslaco
ALBACH, RF
;
REDMAN, GH
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机构:Food Crops Utilization Research Laboratory,1 1 A laboratory of the Southern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Weslaco
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
BERHOW, MA
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BENNETT, RD
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MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
BENNETT, RD
;
POLING, SM
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MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
POLING, SM
;
VANNIER, S
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MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
VANNIER, S
;
HIDAKA, T
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MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
HIDAKA, T
;
OMURA, M
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MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
机构:Food Crops Utilization Research Laboratory,1 1 A laboratory of the Southern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Weslaco
ALBACH, RF
;
REDMAN, GH
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Food Crops Utilization Research Laboratory,1 1 A laboratory of the Southern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Weslaco
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
BERHOW, MA
;
BENNETT, RD
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
BENNETT, RD
;
POLING, SM
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
POLING, SM
;
VANNIER, S
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h-index: 0
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
VANNIER, S
;
HIDAKA, T
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN
HIDAKA, T
;
OMURA, M
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
MINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPANMINIST AGR FORESTRY & FISHERIES,FRUIT TREE RES STN,OKITSU BRANCH,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 42402,JAPAN