Acute panicogenic, anxiogenic and dissociative effects of carbon dioxide inhalation in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

被引：22

作者：

Muhtz, Christoph ^{[1
]}

Yassouridis, Alexander ^{[2
]}

Daneshi, Jasmine ^{[1
]}

Braun, Miriam ^{[1
]}

Kellner, Michael ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Hosp Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany

[2] Max Planck Inst Psychiat, D-80804 Munich, Germany

来源：

JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH | 2011年 / 45卷 / 07期

关键词：

Carbon dioxide; CO(2); Post-traumatic stress disorder; Panic; Flashback; Dissociation; PANIC DISORDER; CHOLECYSTOKININ TETRAPEPTIDE; CO2; CHALLENGE; SUFFOCATION; RESPONSES; ANXIETY; VULNERABILITY; PROVOCATION; SENSITIVITY; FLUMAZENIL;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.01.009

中图分类号：

R749 [精神病学];

学科分类号：

100205 ;

摘要：

Background: Increased anxiety and panic to inhalation of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) has been described in patients with anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder, compared to healthy subjects. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been hypothesised to resemble panic disorder and is currently classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-IV. However, there are only very few data available about the sensitivity of patients with PTSD to CO(2). Methods: In 10 patients with PTSD, 10 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects and 8 patients with panic disorder we assessed anxiety, panic, dissociative and PTSD symptoms before and after a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO(2). Results: Patients with PTSD showed an increased anxiety, panic and dissociative reaction to the inhalation of 35% CO(2) compared to healthy participants. PTSD subjects' responses were indistinguishable from those of panic patients. Additionally, PTSD-typical symptoms like post-traumatic flashbacks were provoked in patients with PTSD after the inhalation of CO(2). Conclusions: In our sample, PTSD was associated with an increased CO(2) reactivity, pointing to an increased susceptibility of PTSD patients to CO(2) challenge. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：989 / 993

页数：5

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