Anterior Ankle Arthroscopy: Advantage of a Preoperative Ultrasound Mapping to Prevent Neurovascular Complications

Purpose The aim of this study is to verify the usefulness of ultrasound-assisted mapping of the vascular and neurological structures in the anterior compartment of the ankle just before an anterior arthroscopic procedure to reduce these kinds of complications. Methods Various complications can be present in anterior arthroscopy of the ankle. The structures most prone to iatrogenic damage are vessels and nerves. They are macroscopically visible and palpable in a little more than 50% of cases, but arterial ramifications are not visible because they are located deeper. Results The authors have investigated how to reduce potential iatrogenic damage to the complex and variable neuro-vascular network of the anterior aspect of the ankle. They have completed the classic routine marking of the bony and tendinous structures with an ultrasound mapping of the neurovascular structures. Conclusions The authors concluded that ultrasound-assisted mapping is a non-invasive, fast, and safe procedure that can help to reduce potential iatrogenic damage when performing anterior arthroscopic surgery.