Nanoparticle and other metal chelation therapeutics in Alzheimer disease

被引:113
作者
Liu, G
Garrett, MR
Men, P
Zhu, XW
Perry, G
Smith, MA
机构
[1] Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84102 USA
[2] Case Western Reserve Univ, Inst Radiol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
来源
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE | 2005年 / 1741卷 / 03期
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Alzheimer disease; chelation therapy; metal dysregulation; nanoparticle;
D O I
10.1016/j.bbadis.2005.06.006
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Current therapies for Alzheimer disease (AD) such as the anticholinesterase inhibitors and the latest NMDA receptor inhibitor, Namenda, provide moderate symptomatic delay at various stages of disease, but do not arrest disease progression or supply meaningful remission. As such, new approaches to disease management are urgently needed. Although the etiology of AD is largely unknown, oxidative damage mediated by metals is likely a significant contributor since metals such as iron, aluminum, zinc, and copper are dysregulated and/or increased in AD brain tissue and create a pro-oxidative environment. This role of metal ion-induced free radical formation in AD makes chelation therapy an attractive means of dampening the oxidative stress burden in neurons. The chelator desferioxamine, FDA approved for iron overload, has shown some benefit in AD, but like many chelators, it has a host of adverse effects and substantial obstacles for tissue-specific targeting. Other chelators are under development and have shown various strengths and weaknesses. In this review, we propose a novel system of chelation therapy through the use of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles conjugated to chelators show a unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (131313), chelate metals, and exit through the BBB with their corresponding complexed metal ions. This method may prove to be a safe and effective means of reducing the metal load in neural tissue thus staving off the harmful effects of oxidative damage and its sequelae. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:246 / 252
页数:7
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