Physical and mechanical characteristics of sustainable self-consolidating concrete incorporating high volume fly ash and cement kiln dust

In recent years, sustainable development has become a global issue and several industries (including concrete industry) have made every effort to reduce the high material cost, high energy depletion and CO2 emission in addition to soundly eliminate industrial waste residue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of production sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SSC) with green materials: Portland limestone cement (PLC), high volume class F fly ash (HVFA) and locally available cement kiln dust (CKD) depending on the limitations of fresh properties that is specified by ACI 273R-07 and EFNARC and to assess the effects of these green materials on the hardened properties. Moreover, microstructure of this concrete was also investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results displayed that by replacing high levels of cement by type F fly ash and locally available CKD, itwas conceivable to make eco-friendly SCC, satisfying the rheological demands for self-consolidating, with agreeable 28-day compressive strength.