Menthol Content in US Marketed Cigarettes

被引:50
作者
Ai, Jiu [1 ]
Taylor, Kenneth M. [1 ]
Lisko, Joseph G. [2 ]
Tran, Hang [2 ]
Watson, Clifford H. [2 ]
Holman, Matthew R. [1 ]
机构
[1] US FDA, Off Sci, Ctr Tobacco Prod, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA
[2] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco Prod Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA
关键词
SMOKING;
D O I
10.1093/ntr/ntv162
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
In 2011 menthol cigarettes accounted for 32 percent of the market in the United States, but there are few literature reports that provide measured menthol data for commercial cigarettes. To assess current menthol application levels in the US cigarette market, menthol levels in cigarettes labeled or not labeled to contain menthol was determined for a variety of contemporary domestic cigarette products. We measured the menthol content of 45 whole cigarettes using a validated gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. In 23 cigarette brands labeled as menthol products, the menthol levels of the whole cigarette ranged from 2.9 to 19.6mg/cigarette, with three products having higher levels of menthol relative to the other menthol products. The menthol levels for 22 cigarette products not labeled to contain menthol ranged from 0.002 to 0.07mg/cigarette. The type of packaging (soft vs. hard pack) for a given cigarette product does not appear to affect menthol levels based on the current limited data. Menthol levels in cigarette products labeled as containing menthol are approximately 50- to 5000-fold higher than those in cigarette products not labeled as containing menthol. In general, menthol content appears to occur within discrete ranges for both mentholated and nonmentholated cigarettes. This study shows that menthol may be present in non-mentholated cigarettes and adds to the understanding of how menthol may be used in cigarette products. It is the first systematic study from the same laboratory which will readily enable comparison among menthol and non-menthol cigarettes.
引用
收藏
页码:1575 / 1580
页数:6
相关论文
共 17 条
[1]   Menthol pharmacology and its potential impact on cigarette smoking behavior [J].
Ahijevych, K ;
Garrett, BE .
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH, 2004, 6 :S17-S28
[2]  
[Anonymous], 2014, TOB US SUPPL CURR PO
[3]  
[Anonymous], 2010, BACKGR INF TOB PROD
[4]  
Borschke A.J., 1993, RECENT ADV TOBACCO S, V19, P47
[5]   Characterization of measured menthol in 48 US cigarette sub-brands [J].
Celebucki, CC ;
Wayne, GF ;
Connolly, GN ;
Pankow, JF ;
Chang, EI .
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH, 2005, 7 (04) :523-531
[6]   Continual smoking of mentholated cigarettes may mask the early warning symptoms of respiratory disease [J].
Garten, S ;
Falkner, RV .
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 2003, 37 (04) :291-296
[7]   Epidemiology of menthol cigarette use [J].
Giovino, GA ;
Sidney, S ;
Gfroerer, JC ;
O'Malley, PM ;
Allen, JA ;
Richter, PA ;
Cummings, KM .
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH, 2004, 6 :S67-S81
[8]   Effect of Cigarette Menthol Content on Mainstream Smoke Emissions [J].
Gordon, S. M. ;
Brinikman, M. C. ;
Meng, R. Q. ;
Anderson, G. M. ;
Chuang, J. C. ;
Kroeger, R. R. ;
Reyes, I. L. ;
Clark, P. I. .
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY, 2011, 24 (10) :1744-1753
[9]   A review and assessment of menthol employed as a cigarette flavoring ingredient [J].
Heck, J. Daniel .
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2010, 48 :S1-S38
[10]  
Hopp R., 1993, Rec. Adv. Tob. Sci, V19, P3, DOI DOI 10.1590/S0100-40422010000600002