New Roles of Carboxypeptidase E in Endocrine and Neural Function and Cancer

被引：95

作者：

Cawley, Niamh X. ^{[1
]}

Wetsel, William C. ^{[2
,3
,4
,5
]}

Murthy, Saravana R. K. ^{[1
]}

Park, Joshua J. ^{[6
]}

Pacak, Karel ^{[7
]}

Loh, Y. Peng ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Cellular Neurobiol Sect, Program Dev Neurosci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[2] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC 27710 USA

[3] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cell Biol, Durham, NC 27710 USA

[4] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med Endocrinol, Durham, NC 27710 USA

[5] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA

[6] Univ Toledo, Coll Med, Dept Neurosci, Toledo, OH 43614 USA

[7] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Program Reprod & Adult Endocrinol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

来源：

ENDOCRINE REVIEWS | 2012年 / 33卷 / 02期

关键词：

REGULATED SECRETORY PATHWAY; NEUROPEPTIDE-PROCESSING ENZYME; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; ACTIVITY-DEPENDENT SECRETION; VESICULAR ACETYLCHOLINE TRANSPORTER; PROHORMONE SORTING RECEPTOR; ENKEPHALIN CONVERTASE; MESSENGER-RNA; BETA-CELL;

D O I：

10.1210/er.2011-1039

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) or carboxypeptidase H was first discovered in 1982 as an enkephalin-convertase that cleaved a C-terminal basic residue from enkephalin precursors to generate enkephalin. Since then, CPE has been shown to be a multifunctional protein that subserves many essential nonenzymatic roles in the endocrine and nervous systems. Here, we review the phylogeny, structure, and function of CPE in hormone and neuropeptide sorting and vesicle transport for secretion, alternative splicing of the CPE transcript, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in humans. With this and the analysis of mutant and knockout mice, the data collectively support important roles for CPE in the modulation of metabolic and glucose homeostasis, bone remodeling, obesity, fertility, neuroprotection, stress, sexual behavior, mood and emotional responses, learning, and memory. Recently, a splice variant form of CPE has been found to be an inducer of tumor growth and metastasis and a prognostic biomarker for metastasis in endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. (Endocrine Reviews 33: 216-253, 2012)

引用

页码：216 / 253

页数：38

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